The Book of Psalms is divided into five main sections, often called "books."
This five-part structure is thought to intentionally mirror the five books of the Torah (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy).
Each of the first four books concludes with a doxology, a formal expression of praise to God, and the entire book ends with a final, extensive doxology in Psalm 150.
The Five Books of Psalms
Book 1: Psalms 1–41. This section primarily contains psalms attributed to King David and often focuses on personal laments and prayers of distress, as well as expressions of confidence in God.
Book 2: Psalms 42–72. It includes more psalms from David, but also introduces a collection of psalms by the Sons of Korah. The focus remains on themes of distress and trust in God, with a communal voice emerging in some prayers.
Book 3: Psalms 73–89. This book includes most of the psalms by Asaph and a second collection from the Sons of Korah. The tone becomes darker, with psalms that question God's justice and express a sense of communal and national crisis.
Book 4: Psalms 90–106. This section begins with a psalm by Moses and responds to the crisis of Book 3 by reaffirming God's kingship and faithfulness. It includes a group of "The LORD reigns" psalms (93-100) and reflects on Israel's history.
Book 5: Psalms 107–150. The final book begins with thanksgiving and culminates in a crescendo of praise with the "Hallelujah Psalms" (146–150). It also contains the longest psalm (119) and the Songs of Ascent (120–134).
